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গাঙকুমারী : ত্রিস্তর বয়ানের নাটক

পাঠপর্যালোচনা করেছেন: চঞ্চল আশরাফ

সাধনা আহমেদ রচিত ‘গাঙকুমারী’ নাটকের মূল প্রতিপাদ্য বিশেষ এক কালপর্বের স্থানিক রাজনীতির কবলে পড়া মানুষের জীবনসংগ্রাম। এর সঙ্গে জড়িয়ে আছে ধর্মবিশ্বাস, লোকজীবন, কেন্দ্রনির্দেশিত ক্ষমতার প্রভাব। নাটকে অন্তর্ভুক্ত  তেত্রিশটি চরিত্রের মধ্যে তিনটির সঙ্গে রয়েছে ক্ষমতাকেন্দ্রের সর্ম্পক—বাকি বেশির ভাগই স্থানিক রাজনীতি, ধর্মীয় বিধিবিধান ও সামপ্রদায়িকতার শিকার। নয়টি লম্বকে বিন্যস্ত এই নাটকের আখ্যানবিস্তার ঘটেছে ‘রূপমতিচর’ নামের এক নদীবিধৌত জনপদে জেলেকন্যা অঞ্জলির জীবন রূপায়ণের মধ্য দিয়ে।

বিজ্ঞাপনতাতে দেখা যায়—স্থানীয় মৎস্য ব্যবসায়ী ইব্রাহিম মিয়া, ধনগাজী ও মমিন ডাণ্ডির ত্রিমুখী সংঘাত; সেটা মূলত নদীর দখলদারিত্ব নিয়েই। এই ক্ষমতাকেন্দ্রিক রাজনীতিজনিত সহিংসতার মধ্য দিয়েই অঞ্জলি ও রূপমতীচরের জীবন কিভাবে পাল্টে যায়, তা নাট্যকার দেখিয়েছেন। দেখাতে গিয়ে সময় হিসেবে তিনি বেছে নিয়েছেন মুক্তিযুদ্ধ এবং এর পরবর্তী দেড় যুগ। এই কালপর্বে শাসক বদলের সঙ্গে সঙ্গে স্থানিক রাজনীতির পরিবর্তন ও জনজীবনে এর প্রভাবও নাটকে চিত্রিত। আমরা জানি, কোনো কাহিনি যদি আখ্যানের স্তরে উত্তীর্ণ হয়, তখনই তা সৃষ্টি করে রূপক। ‘গাঙকুমারী’তে ঘটেছে তাই; বরং আরো বেশি। কেননা এতে বিধৃত আখ্যান থেকে তৈরি হয়েছে অনেকান্ত ও অখণ্ড রূপক। যেমন কোনো পাঠকের কাছে একে মনে হতে পারে মুক্তিযুদ্ধোত্তর গ্রামীণ জনজীবনের রূপক। কারো কাছে এটি  ক্ষমতার ক্রীড়নক সময়ের রূপক। আবার কেউ একে ভাবতে পারেন স্বাধীন বাংলাদেশে স্থানিক শক্তিমানদের কাছে গণমানুষের অসহায়ত্বের রূপক।

এই নাটকের আরেকটি লক্ষযোগ্য দিক হলো লেখক মগ্ন থেকেছেন সময় ও পরিসর নিয়ে। যে দেড় যুগের রাজনৈতিক, সামাজিক, ধর্মীয় পরিস্থিতি ও স্থানিক জীবনধারা এতে বিধৃত, তাতে আবদ্ধ থাকেনি এর মর্ম ও সৌন্দর্য। আখ্যানটির প্রায় সব চরিত্রই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ, তবে বেশি দৃষ্টি আকর্ষণ করে রামু ও সবুর। বাংলাদেশের মুক্তিযুদ্ধে হানাদারদের নৃশংসতায় মানসিক ভারসাম্য হারানো এই দুই চরিত্র ভিন্নতর ব্যঞ্জনায় উত্তীর্ণ হয়েছে। তাদের চোখে দেখা যে জগৎ উঠে এসেছে, তা এই নাটকে  লেখকের জীবন সম্পর্কিত ধারণা প্রকাশে সহায়ক হয়েছে বলে মনে হয়।

ন্যারেটিভ ফর্মে রচিত এই নাটকের বয়ানে রয়েছে তিনটি স্তর: প্রথমত লেখকসৃষ্ট ন্যারেটিভ, দ্বিতীয়ত পালাকারের গান ও হেঁয়ালি এবং তৃতীয়ত চরিত্রগুলোর পারস্পরিক উক্তি। তিন স্তরের বিচ্ছিন্ন ও মিলিত বয়ান থেকে যে টেক্সট প্রণীত হয়েছে, তা একরৈখিক ব্যাখ্যায় মীমাংসিত হওয়ার নয়। কেননা, বিধৃত ঘটনাপ্রবাহ এবং এর একেকটি মোচড় পাঠকের অভিজ্ঞতার জগেক বিচলিত করে, কখনো কখনো চূর্ণও করে দেয়। তৈরি করে পরিণতিহীন ও অনির্ণেয়তার জগৎ, যার ব্যাখ্যায় কোনো একক প্রেক্ষণ যথেষ্ট নয়।

স্পষ্টতই লেখকের বয়ান সমকালীন ভাষাকে ধারণ করেছে। ফলে বর্তমান থেকে অতীতকে রূপায়ণের একটি ভাষা সৃষ্টি হয়েছে। তিনস্তরের বয়ানভাষা একে অন্যের থেকে আলাদা; কিন্তু এগুলোর পারস্পরিক সহাবস্থান নাটকটিতে সঞ্চার করেছে ভাষিক সমগ্রতা। কথাগুলো এই জন্যই বলা—শুধু ‘গাঙকুমারী’র ভাষা নিয়েই আলোচনা চলতে পারে। অধিকন্তু নাটকটির উপসংহারে ‘গাঙকুমারী’ তথা অঞ্জলির অপসৃয়মাণ হয়ে যাওয়ার দৃশ্য যে ব্যঞ্জনা তৈরি করে, তা জীবন সম্পর্কে লেখকের প্রতীতির রূপক হয়ে ওঠে। সেটি সম্ভবত এই :

দৃশ্যের বাইরে চলে যাওয়াই মানুষের নিয়তি এবং একে প্রতিরোধের পথ আমাদের জানা নেই। আমরা দর্শক মাত্র।

উল্লেখ প্রয়োজন, সাধনা আহমেদ অঞ্জলির হারিয়ে যাওয়ার মধ্যেও সঞ্চার করেছেন মানুষের আশা আর স্বপ্ন। এটি এসেছে আবেগ ও কল্পনার মহত্ত্ব থেকে। সবচেয়ে বড় কথা, শূন্যে প্রবেশের আবহচিত্রে নতুন পৃথিবীর যে ইশারা নাটকটিতে উদ্ভাসিত, তা আমাদের সম্ভাবনাময় জীবনের পথ দেখায়। উদ্বোধিত করে সংকটময় বিদ্যমান থেকে উত্তরণের অশেষ এক প্রেরণায়।

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